Miopija, kratkovidnost (myopia, nearsightedness)

- Nastane zaradi očesne leče, ki lomi pri nenormalno dolgem zrklu vzporedne svetlobne žarke v žarišče pred mrežnico. Pri miopiji se stanje popravi z rabo različnih (divergentnih) očalnih leč, ki pomaknejo podobo nazaj na mrežnico. /Leksikon Naravoslovje. Cankarjeva založba; Ljubljana 1996/

- Je v naši družbi najpogostejša težava vida in za njo trpi vsak peti posameznik. Če smo kratkovidni, vidimo ostro bližnje predmete. Bolj kot se predmeti odmikajo, manj ostri postanejo. Pri kratkovidnosti je moč loma v očeh prevelika, kar je največkrat posledica podaljšanega zrkla ali predebele leče. Kratkovidnost je napaka očesa pri kateri se žarki zberejo pred mrežnico in jo zadenejo, ko se že razhajajo. Kratkovidni morajo nositi naočnike z lečo, ki razpršuje žarke, da nastane slika na mrežnici. Dioptrija očal, ki jih nosijo je negativna. /sl.wikipedia/

- Is a refractive defect of the eye in which collimated light produces image focus in front of the retina when accommodation is relaxed. Those with myopia typically can see nearby objects clearly but distant objects appear blurred. With myopia, the eyeball is too long, or the cornea is too steep, so images are focused in the vitreous inside the eye rather than on the retina at the back of the eye. The opposite defect of myopia is hyperopia or "farsightedness" or "long-sightedness" — this is where the cornea is too flat or the eye is too short. Mainstream ophthalmologists and optometrists most commonly correct myopia through the use of corrective lenses, such as glasses or contact lenses. It may also be corrected by refractive surgery, such as LASIK. The corrective lenses have a negative optical power (i.e. are concave) which compensates for the excessive positive diopters of the myopic eye. In some cases, pinhole glasses are used by patients with low-level myopia. These work by reducing the blur circle formed on the retina... /en.wikipedia/


Več informacij na/more information on:
- IMPA
- google images - myopia
- eyesight.ca